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Phosphatidyl Choline
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylcholine
A class of phospholipids
Phosphatidylcholines (PC) are a class of phospholipids that incorporate choline as a headgroup.
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Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (a.k.a. lecithin) is a major component of pulmonary surfactant
Dementia: The study found that a moderate benefit could not be ruled out until further large scale studies are performed.[10]
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001015/abstract
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2362.1992.tb01446.x/full
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03175.x/full
http://gut.bmj.com/content/19/9/844
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/early/2016/02/25/ATVBAHA.115.307052
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/883178_6
Nutrition support in cardiac surgery
Considering international guidelines, there is a strong consensus and most experts will report that EN is always preferred to PN.
EN is often thought to be contraindicated and considered as harmful especially in hemodynamically unstable patients on large doses of inotropes and/or vasopressors, leading to a widespread use of PN in clinical practice. suggested reason was: hemodynamic failure may compromise the splanchnic blood flow, causing intestinal ischemia,[32]which is associated with high mortality. Current evidence is that early EN may be beneficial in patients after initial resuscitation from critical organ failure.